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John Doe

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Name :John Doe
Profession : Actor
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For other uses, see John Doe (disambiguation).

The name John Doe is typically used in the United States as a placeholder name for a male party in a legal action or legal discussion whose true identity is unknown. Male corpses or emergency room patients whose identity is unknown are also known by the name John Doe. A female who is not known is often referred to as Jane Doe. A child or baby whose identity is unknown can be referred to as Baby Doe or, in one particular case, as Precious Doe. Additional people in the same family may be called James Doe, Judy Doe, etc. Commonly used in the United States of America, though rarely used now in other developed countries.

The Doe names are often, though not always, used for anonymous or unknown defendants. Another set of names often used for anonymous parties, particularly plaintiffs, are Richard Roe for males and Jane Roe for females (as in the landmark U.S. Supreme Court abortion decision Roe v. Wade). The Oxford English Dictionary states that John Doe is "the name given to the fictitious lessee of the plaintiff, in the (now obsolete) mixed action of ejectment, the fictitious defendant being called Richard Roe". Likewise, the Nuttall Encyclopaedia states that John O'Noakes or John Noakes is a fictitious name for a litigious person, used by lawyers in actions of ejectment.

Even outside the specific legal context, the name John Doe is often used in general discourse and popular culture to refer to an unknown person. A famous example is the Frank Capra film Meet John Doe.

The "John Doe" custom dates back to the reign of England's King Edward III, during the legal debate over something called the Acts of Ejectment. This debate involved a hypothetical landowner, referred to as "John Doe", who leased land to another man, the equally fictitious "Richard Roe", who then took the land as his own and "ejected", or evicted, poor "John Doe".

These names -- John Doe and Richard Roe -- had no particular significance, aside from "Doe" (a female deer) and "Roe" (a small species of deer found in Europe) being commonly known nouns at the time. But the debate became a hallmark of legal theory, and the name "John Doe" in particular gained wide currency in both the legal world and general usage as a generic stand-in for any unnamed person. "John Doe" and "Richard Roe" are, to this day, mandated in legal procedure as the first and second names given to unknown defendants in a case (followed, if necessary, by "John Stiles" and "Richard Miles"). The name "Jane Doe", a logical female equivalent, is used in many state jurisdictions, but if the case is federal the unnamed defendant is dubbed "Mary Major".

In Friedman v. Ferguson, 850 F.2d 689 (4th Cir. 1988), the plaintiff pro se somewhat famously used the following creative variations on John Doe: Brett Boe, Carla Coe, Donna Doe, Frank Foe, Grace Goe, Harry Hoe, Marta Moe, Norma Noe, Paula Poe, Ralph Roe, Sammy Soe, Tommy Toe, Vince Voe, William Woe, Xerxes Xoe.

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Placeholder name. (Discuss)

Different fictitious names are used for unknown or unspecified persons in different countries in an informal context, rather than in a court of law or similar. These names are generally understood to be generic.

Arabia

Fulan (Arabic: Ù?لان) (female equivalent: Fulanah, Ù?لانة), Ellan (علان) as a partner. Majhoul (Arabic: مجهول). Taken further, it can become Fulan al-Fulani, or even Fulan ibn Fulan al-Fulani, depending on the intention of the speaker.

Argentina

Juan Pérez, Don Nadie, Fulano, Mengano, Zutano, Perengano

Australia

Fred Nerk, Joe Blow, Joe Bloggs, John Citizen, Joe Farnarkle, John Barry, Simon McCool

Austria

Hans Meier, Hans Maier, Hans Mayer, Max Muster(mann), Herr und Frau Österreicher

Belgium

Jean Dupont, Jan Janssen, Jos Joskens, Duschmol, Duchien

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Marko Marković, Petar Petrović, Sima Simić

Brazil

Fulano (de Tal), Sicrano, Beltrano, João da Silva, Zé da Silva, Zé Ninguém, Zé das Couves, Dunha.

Bulgaria

Иван Иванов (Ivan Ivanov), лицето Х (the person X).

Canada

G. Raymond (male/female, mostly on credit cards and ID, used as it could be either an anglophone or francophone name), John Jones, Jos Bleau (Quebec, French adaptation of Joe Blow)

Chile

Juan Pérez, Fulano de Tal, Perico de los Palotes, N.N. ("Ningún Nombre" or No Name).

China

æ— å??æ°? (Pinyin: Wúmíng Shì, literally "Mr./Ms. No Name"); æŸ?æŸ? (Pinyin: MÇ’u MÇ’u, literally "so-and-so"); (using the List of common Chinese surnames with numbers, etc.) 赵大 (Pinyin: Zhào Dà, literally "Zhao Big"), 钱二 (Pinyin: Qián Èr, "Qian 2"), 孙三 (Pinyin: SÅ«n SÄ?n, "Sun 3"), 张三 (Pinyin: ZhÄ?ng SÄ?n, "Zhang 3"), æ?Žå›› (Pinyin: LÇ? Sì, "Li 4"), 王五 (Pinyin: Wáng WÇ”, "Wang 5"), ...; (using the Heavenly Stems) æŸ?甲 (Pinyin: MÇ’u JiÇŽ, literally "a certain A"), æŸ?ä¹™ (Pinyin: MÇ’u YÇ?, "a certain B"), æŸ?丙 (Pinyin: MÇ’u BÇ?ng, "a certain C"), ...; å°?强,å°?明...

Colombia

Fulano de Tal (probably from Arabic, Fulan), Pepito Pérez, Sultano, Mengano, Perencejo

Costa Rica

Juan Pérez, Fulano de Tal (probably from Arabic, Fulan), Sutano, Mengano, Perencejo

Croatia

Ivan Horvat, Pero Perić, N.N. ("Nepoznati Netko", trns. "Unknown someone")

Cuba

Fulano, Mengano, Ciclano, Esperancejo (female equivalents: Fulana, Mengana, Ciclana, Esperanceja.) Optional surname: de Tal ("of such")

Czech Republic

Jan Novák, Karel VomáÄ?ka, Tomáš Martiník, Jan SkoÄ?dopole

Denmark

N.N. (short for latin nomen nescio, "I don't know the name"). More informally, the term Hr. og Fru Danmark ("Mr. and Mrs. Denmark") is used as a generic name for any average Danish couple (similar to Mr. & Mrs. John Q. Public and Kari og Ola Normann).

Ecuador

Juan Perez, Fulano, Sultano, Mengano, Juan Piguabe

Estonia

Jaan Tamm (male), Tädi Maali (an old female, literally "Aunt Maali")

Faroe Islands

Miðalhampamaður

Finland

Matti Meikäläinen (male/generic) and Maija Meikäläinen (female). Pihtiputaan mummo ("the Grandma/old lady from Pihtipudas") refers to the senior citizen not conversant in modern jargon or technical terminology, to whom things have to be explained clearly.

France

Jean Dupont, Paul Martin, Monsieur Durand, Monsieur Untel/ Madame Unetelle, Monsieur/Madame X, Pierre-Paul-Jacques (even though those are three very common, typical distinct surnames, this is often said as a long uninterrupted string, as if an actual composed surname: "or" is added in the middle sometimes: "Pierre-Paul-ou-Jacques")

Germany

Hans/Max/Otto and Erika Mustermann, Lieschen Müller, Otto Normalverbraucher, Meier/Müller/Schulze, Hinz & Kunz, NN

Greece

ΓιῶÏ?γος Τάδε (Giorgos Tade, male), ΜαÏ?ία Τάδε (Maria Tade, female), Τάδε Ταδόπουλος (Tade Tadopoulos, male), Τάδε ΤαδοποÏ?λου (Tade Tadopulou, female), á½?/ἡ Δείνα (his partner), á½? ΦοÏ?φουτος (O Foufoutos), á¼?νας Κάποιος (Enas Kapoios), Α. Î’. Κάτοχος (A.B. Katohos, used for credit card samples)

Guatemala

Juan Pérez, Fulano, Sutano (or Zutano), Mengano, Perencejo

Hong Kong and Macau

陳大文 (male), 陳�明 (boy).

Hungary

Gipsz Jakab, Jóska Pista, Kovács János (John Smith), Pityi Palkó, Ribizli Gizi, XY

Iceland

Meðal-Jón, Meðal-Jóna, Jón Jónsson, Jóna Jónsdóttir

India

Naamalum (Used in judicial purposes as well for male, female and child alike) नामाल�म (in Devnagri). Translates directly into "unknown".

Indonesia

Si Anu / Fulan

Iran

Folani (Persian : Ù?Ù?لانی), Felani (Persian : Ù?لانی), Yaroo (Persian : Ù?یارو)

Ireland

Seán and Síle Citizen; Irish: Seán Ó Rudaí, from rud = thing

Israel

Israel Israeli ישר×?ל ישר×?לי and also Ploni פלוני and Almoni ×?למוני (as a party to Ploni) or the latter combined to Ploni Almoni (taken from Ruth 4:1, where it is used in place of the actual name of Boaz's relative, whose name is omitted as he failed to perform his levirate duty). Other names used are Moshe Cohen משה כהן, Danny Mendel דני מנדל or simply Danny דני .

Italy

Mario Rossi, Pinco Pallino, Tal dei Tali, Tizio, Caio, Sempronio.

Japan

山田太郎 (Yamada Taro, a common male name), 山田花å­? (Yamada Hanako, a common female name), å??ç„¡ã?—ã?®æ¨©å…µè¡› (Nanashi-no-Gombee, å??ç„¡ã?—ã?® meaning nameless, 兵衛 (hyoue) meaning member of the imperial guard and 権 (gon) being used to describe titles or positions, "Nameless member of the imperial guard". The term was transformed into nanashi-gonbee, meaning colloquial "Nameless Mr. So-and-so), 何野æŸ? (Nanno Nanigashi), 土左衛門 (Dozaemon, a drowned corpse)

Korea

�길� (洪�童, Hong Gil-dong; male), 심청 (沈淸, Shim Cheong; female) 철수 (Cheol-soo, male), �� (Yeong-hee; female)

Latvia

JÄ?nis BÄ“rziņš

Lebanon

Majhoul (Arabic: مجهول), Folan (Arabic: Ù?لان) (female equivalent: Folana, Ù?لانة), Elan (علان) as a partner.

Lithuania

Vardenis Pavardenis, Jonas Jonaitis, Petras Petraitis

Macedonia

Петар ПетровÑ?ки (Petar Petrovski)

Malaysia

Si Anu, Si Polan, Si Polan Bin Si Polan, Mat & Minah

Malta

Joe Borg

Mauritius

Sa Nation la, Sa boug la (for male) ; Safame la, Sapitin la (for female)

Mexico

Juan/Juanito/Juanita Pérez, Fulano de Tal, Mengano, Perengano, Sutano, Juan Pueblo

Netherlands

Jan Jansen. Jan Modaal is used in a similar way to the English the Joneses, in particular referring to average wealth

Nepal

Ram, Shyam, Hari, and other slangs such as Chamar, Ram Kumar Deshar, Sigdel, and Jyapu.

New Zealand

Joe Bloggs, John Doe, Joe Blow

Nigeria

Lagbaja

Norway

N.N, Ola Nordmann, Kari Nordmann, Peder Ã…s

Pakistan

Falana (Male), Falani (Female). This is derived from the Persian equivalent

Panama

Juan Pérez, Fulano de Tal, Sultano, Mengano

Paraguay

Juan Pérez, Fulano de Tal, Sultano, Mengano, N.N.

Peru

Juan Pérez, Fulano de Tal, Sultano, Mengano

Philippines

Juan dela Cruz, Juanita dela Cruz

Poland

N.N. ("unknown"--used to refer to e.g. unknown soldiers at war); Jan Kowalski, Jan Nowak (used in the meaning of "everyman", an average citizen)

Portugal

Fulano, Sicrano, Beltrano, Indivíduo, Tipo, Gajo, Zé da Silva, Homenzinho, Mulherzinha, Rapazinho, Zé Povinho.

Puerto Rico

Fulano de Tal, Juan Perez, or Juan del Pueblo

Romania

Ion Popescu

Russia

Иванов Иван Иванович (Ivanov Ivan Ivanovich), Петров и Сидоров (Petrov and Sidorov), ВаÑ?Ñ? Пупкин (Vasya Pupkin), имÑ?рек (old slavonic abbreviation of имÑ? рекомое, that is "name to be spoken". Still usable; not a name, but a reference to a person, usually in context of filling in a form), referring to legal entities - ООО "Ромашка" (OOO "Romashka" - "Сamomile Limited liability company"), ООО "Рога и копыта" (OOO "Roga i Kopyta" - Horns & Hoofs LLC), ООО "Фунтик" (OOO "Foontik" - "Piglet LLC"), Завод "КраÑ?наÑ? Ñ?инька" (Plant "Krasnaya Sin'ka"; a pun, in which word "Krasnaya", usually meaning "red", is used in meaning "soviet/communist", and word "sin'ka" means "washing blue")

Serbia

In legal documents, police and court, NN lice (NN person) is used. Everyday equivalents are: Petar Petrović, Pera Perić, Marko Marković, Janko Janković.

Slovakia

Ján Novák, (humorously) Jožko MrkviÄ?ka

Slovenia

Janez Novak

South Africa

Koos van der Merwe, Piet Pompies

Spain

Fulano de Tal, Pepe Pérez, Fulano, Fulanito, Mengano, Menganito, Perico de los Palotes, Fulanito de Tal, Menganito de Cual, Zutano, Zutanito, Sultano, Sultanito, Don Nadie, Juan Nadie, Perengano. Female equivalent: Fulanita, Fulanita de Tal, Mengana, Menganita, Menganita de Tal.

Swahili

Fulani

Sweden

(Herr/Fru) Svensson, Medelsvensson for the average Swede; Kalle, Olle, Pelle, Nisse and Lisa are pretty common when a name is needed as an example. "Name Name" (Swedish: Namn Namn or NN from Latin Nomen Nescio) is used as a placeholder.

Switzerland

Herr und Frau Schweizer, Hans Meier, Hans Mustermann

Thailand

นาย �. (Nai Gor, literally Mr. Gor), นาง �. (Nang Gor, literally Mrs. Gor). Note that �. (Gor) is the first letter in Thai alphabet. Other people in the story are named after subsequent letters: ข (Kor, with high pitch) ค (Kor, with low pitch), etc.

Turkey

Sarı çizmeli Mehmet Ağa

United Kingdom

Joe Bloggs, John Smith, A N Other, R Punter, "Tom, Dick, and Harry", Ronnie (or Ronny) Arbuckle

Uruguay

Fulano, Mengano; Juan Perez

USA

John Doe, Jane Doe, John Q. Public, Joe Blow, Joe Schmoe, Joe Sixpack, John Smith, Eddie Punchclock (for blue-collar workers), Joe Botts (particularly in New York City), J. S. Ragman (U. S. Navy), Vinnie Boombotz (particularly in New York City)

Venezuela

Fulano, Fulano de Tal, Sutano, Mengano, Perencejo, Pedro Perez, Juan de los Palotes, Juan Bimba

Vietnam

Ngư�i giấu tên, Nguyễn Văn A (male), Trần Thị B (female)

Look up John Doe in

Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Doe"

Categories: Articles to be merged since November 2006 | Anonymity pseudonyms | Common law | Legal fictions | Nonexistent people | Placeholder names

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